Analysis of Medicine Availability

Analysis of Medicine approachability4. Results4.1 approachability of MedicineChart 4.1Comparative availability of Medicine in both popular and confidential welkin along with blue priced and pocket-sized priced generics Chart 4.1 shows the comparative availability of the surveyed medicines in macrocosm sector facilities ( look upon availability in every last(predicate) PHCs over the period of seven months) and in private sector at the time of visit. Findings show that out of the thirty (30) medicines surveyed, lead (3) medicines diethyl carbamazine, ampicillin and human premixed insulin are neither operational in public nor in private. Nine (9) medicines ampicillin, diethyl carbamazine, Enalapril, furosemide, human premixed insulin, mannitol, alpha methyl dopa, phenobarbitone and sodium valproate were not forthcoming in public sector at any point of time. Availability of seven (7) medicines was found to be less than 50 pct isosorbide dinitrate (40%), metaclopromide (40 %), metronidazole (40%), dextrose NaCl (30%) and dexamethasone, glyceryl trinitrate and beclomethasone with 10, 10 and 1.4% respectively. Availability of twelve (12) medicines Albendazole, amoxicillin, ascorbic acid, ibuprofen, paracetamol, ranitidine, cotrimoxazole, atenolol (70%), gentamicin (70%), glibenclamide (70%), salbutamol (70%), vitamin B complex (80%) was more than 50% with first seven medicines procurable at all times (100%).In the private sector, the availability of medicines delusive either all or none turn out for the measly priced transformations of cotrimoxazole (70%) and glibenclamide (90%). first gear price generics of 13 medicines amoxicillin, ampicillin, beclomethasone, chlorpheniramine, dexamethasone dextrose NaCl, diethyl carbamazine, human premixed insulin, isosorbide dinitrate, mannitol, metaclopromide, methyldopa and phenobarbitone and both versions of 6 medicines ampicillin, beclomethasone, chlorpheniramine, diethyl carbamazine, human premixed insuli n and isosorbide dinitrate were not available in any facility.Chart 4.2Comparative availability of medicines in public sector among all the PHCs survey for the period of seven monthsChart 4.2 shows the entertain availability of the surveyed medicines across all the PHCs over the period of seven months. Availability ranged from forty percent (40%) to fifty seven percent (56.67%) with the mean availability at forty eight percent (47.57%).Chart 4.3Comparative availability of Medicines in Private SectorChart 4.3 shows the mean availability of surveyed hoop of medicines in private sector for both in high spirits price and low price versions. Availability of high price generics was found to be fourscore percent (80%) and for low price it was fifty two percent (52%).4.2 set DifferentialsChart 4.4 bell Comparison of median prices of individual drugs of both high price and low price genericsChart 4.4 cont...Chart 4.4 shows the median prices of all the surveyed medicines in Indian rupee per unit dose of the medicine except for gentamicin, dextrose NaCl and mannitol (price of full pack is considered). gameboard 4.1Ratios of median prices of high price and low price genericsTable 4.1 gives the information on the ratios of median prices of high and low price versions of medicines available. Values ranged from 6.44 for atenolol to 1.02 for ranitidine. Higher the ratio, high is the price difference between the generic versions available.Table 4.2Median Price Ratios of high priced and low priced generics in comparison with International Reference PricesTable 4.2 shows the median, percentile, token(prenominal), and maximum values of median price ratios in the private sector for both versions of generics. upper limit MPR for high price version was found for diclofenac (18.84) and minimum for dexamethasone (0.22). Maximum and minimum MPR in the low price version were for vitamin B complex (8.43) and glyceryl trinitrate (0.18).4.3 AffordabilityTable 4.3Affordability of g ive-and-take for certain conditions in wrong of daily wagesTable 4.3 shows the information on cost of treatment regimen for few conditions using the surveyed medicines. Average wage/ salary lucre (Rs. 0.00) per day received by casual labours of age 15-59 years enmeshed in works other than public works in urban areas of Andhra Pradesh (INR 178.34) were considered (NSS 68th round). Cost of the treatment ranged from 6 days wages for treating Echinococcus infection with high price generic of Albendazole to 0.24 days wages for treating urinary tract infection using co-trimoxazole.4.4 Prescription AuditsChart 4.5Comparison of drugs appointive by brand name, generic name and from essential medicines list among all the PHCs surveyedChart 4.5 shows the persona of drugs prescribed by generic name and brand name and as per the essential medicines list. It was found in seven PHCs the 100 percent of drugs were prescribed as per essential medicines list and in the rest it was more than four score five percent. It was found around seventy percent of drugs were prescribed by generic name with a maximum of ninety four percent and minimum of sixty seven percent.Table 4.4Table 4.4 shows the maximum, minimum and mean values analyzed in the ethical drug audits. Maximum and minimum drugs per prescription were six and one respectively with a mean of 2.75. Maximum and minimum drugs prescribed by generic name per prescription were four and nobody with a mean of 2.15. Maximum and minimum drugs prescribed by branded name per prescription were three and zero with a mean of 0.6. Maximum and minimum drugs prescribed as per EML per prescription were six and zero with a mean of 2.7.