How Personal Can Ethics Get Essay

Discuss how personal differences and preferences can impact organizational ethics. Organizational ethics are ethics of an organization. According to (Butts & Rich, 2008) The ethics of an organization refers to an organization attempt to define its missions and values, recognize values that could cause tension, seek best solutions to these tensions, and manage the operations to maintain its values. In dealing with people from all walks of life and different morals it can easily put up a bridge, between ones values and beliefs. After all we are who we are according to the â€Å"Stages of Moral Development† developed by Lawrence Kohlberg who is best known in the field of psychology of ethical decision making and behavior. One’s own personal beliefs and principles can impact their work environment if they are trustworthy, exemplifies a positive attitude, work well with people (internal and external in the work environment), dependable, and etc. This type of person is someone who would be considered to have a great impact in an organization, because of the values and beliefs they display in the work place. Meanwhile a person, who is seen as rude, has a negative attitude (towards people in and outside of the work environment), lacks integrity, and lazy (always doing something upper-handed to get by), the chances of that person being the downfall of an organization is 80/20, due to the fact this person is someone who doesn’t value others well-being, because of the negative morals they learned. A person’s professional ethics are just an expansion of their learned individual ethics. Personal differences and preferences impact organizations all the time, which is why it is so important ethics, play a key role so that unethical behavior doesn’t go unnoticed. Discuss how organizational policies and procedures can impact ethics. Organizational policies and procedures can have both a positive and negative impact with regards to ethics. An organization may have a positive impact if policies and procedures are based on good business ethics.

Mat 540 Assignment 3

Julia’s Food Booth Based on the LP model to maximize profit with the established constraints Julia should sell pizza and hotdogs and not BBQ sandwiches. Based on this model Julia will earn $2250. 00 in profit. After buying food supplies for the next game she will have $750 remaining ($2250-1500). Julia’s goal was to clear $1000 in profit which she was not able to meet. It is not clear how Julia is paying for the booth rental each game, but assuming she is covering the costs with her profits from the prior game she will need $1000 for the booth + $1500 for food which equals $2500 she needs to make each game just to cover her expenses.The idea of Julia borrowing money would not be necessary because what is limiting her profit is the limited space she has in the oven. In the model all of the oven space is being utilized by Pizza and Hotdogs. If she borrowed money she wouldn’t have enough room to stock more food. She would have to borrow enough money to rent another oven, if there was enough space in the booth, and enough money to buy additional supplies.In addition, assuming that my calculations are correct paying a friend to help her does not seem like a good idea as it would further cut into any profit and increase costs. There are many uncertainties that can affect Julia’s profit. The case states that Julia anticipates selling all of her food; but not selling out will adversely affect her already strained profit margin. Fluctuations in the cost of the food could also change the profit. A game that doesn’t sell out could also reduce the number of customers Julia has on any given day.

Tramadol Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Tramadol - Research Paper Example Similarly, Tramadol is taken to ease some serious agony. Patients who are likely to require medication to ease the pain for several hours over a longer period mainly take its extended-release pills. Prescription The drug can be prescribed for different uses; for example, as depressant or analgesic. Tramadol falls into opiate agonist or analgesic category, and it works by altering how the body experiences pain. This implies that the drug functions in the central nervous parts and serves as morphine in the organs and releases pain, (Gulshan 45). As morphine, it joins some opioid body receptors. In addition, the drug functions as antidepressants in that it inhibits certain brain chemicals reuptake; for instance, serotonin. Various chemicals are crucial to transfer information into the nerves. As the information travels through the nerves, it causes the cell end to secrete serotonin, which consequently enters the gap from one nerve cell to the next. When serotonin reaches the adjacent ce ll of the nerve, the chemical triggers the receptors; thus, the message is transferred to the adjoining nerve cell. Use of Tramadol The drug is taken through the mouth or orally as extended release pill, and regular pill in a span of four to seven hours as prescribed – before or after food. ... Inform the physician of medication prescriptions and other nutritional or food complement one is using. Additionally, inform the doctor about other antifungal medications like monoamine or ketanonazole, anxiety mediations, seizures medications and mental illness medications, you are using. This is because such medications may interact with Ultram and cause adverse effects. The patient has to inform the doctor of other herbal remedies she is using. Moreover, the patient should tell the doctor all the medical conditions or disorders he has ever suffered such as seizures, head injuries, tumor of the brain, heart attack and other high blood pressure conditions and diabetes. This information helps the doctor to prepare individual precaution data of the drug to safeguard the patient against possible severe and fatal effects of the drug. The patient should inform the doctor about her status such as pregnancy, breastfeeding and planning to conceive, and if one becomes pregnant while, under T ramadol medication, she should inform the doctor to help protect the health of the patient. The patient should be aware that the drug might cause drowsiness, fainting and vertigo, therefore; the patient should get out of the lying position slowly to avoid collapsing and falling, (Gulshan 49). People must avoid consumption of alcohol and other illicit drugs because it may lead to adverse reduction in breathing and liver disorders, when consumed during Tramadol administration. Besides, the drug must be taken with caution in people at respiratory depression risk. Dosage People should take Tramadol as prescribed by the nurse or doctor. Additionally, administer the skipped dosage of regular Tramadol tablet immediately once you learn about

Preventing Evil and Spiritual Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Preventing Evil and Spiritual Leadership - Essay Example These ethical principles make spiritual leadership different from all other forms of leadership. Â  Spiritual leadership helps to bring employees together with a common goal. It helps those involved to balance between workplace environments, which are stressful. In addition, employees are motivated to do their best, which leads to increased productivity. It also helps those involved to contribute positively, enables them to interact and brings a feeling of community hood within the workplace. Spiritual leadership abuse occurs when a leader tries to dominate, manipulate and control the subordinate by not giving a chance to air their views, ask questions or even to challenge their leadership. An organization can prevent this abuse by ensuring that members have a voice. Moreover, abuse can be prevented by not compromising members feeling while trying to meet their goals and ensure free communication within the workplace by eliminating fear (Fry, 2003, p.696). Â  Freeman, 2011 states that leadership effectiveness is measured by the ability to achieve an organizations goal.

Eduaction Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Eduaction - Assignment Example However, the data system is not a threat to traditional teaching styles. Traditional teachers have to be won over by impressing upon them the need to change over to the new system involving data which complements the traditional style by taking care of the important aspects of teaching that may not have been addressed by the traditional teacher. Involving digital data system enables getting hold of vast information on students in very short time without undue stress to the teacher and helps her arrange her teaching techniques in such a way that the less intelligent student is able to grasp the contents of what is being taught (McLeod, Dr Scott). Over a period of time, which may be quite short, the teaching community begins to settle down with the feelings that they are all right with their students. The good performance of the majority of the students in the periodical tests lull the teachers with the feelings that things are normal and they can continue teaching in their usual styles the students have become accustomed to. The current No Child Left Behind (NCLB) policy, however, demands stringent changes in the teaching standards to ensure no child gets left behind. The teachers have no option to update their skills with the latest standards and get whatever help available to ensure they get all the necessary assistance whenever needed to keep abreast the latest techniques. There are chances that teachers may not be able to keep in mind all the features of the latest techniques. Hence, it is essential that they have access to the digital data system for which they have to be initially trained (McLeod, Dr Scott). The data system demands a change in the entire method of teaching. It is result-oriented. "Schools and districts across the country are seeing substantial improvements in student learning and achievement as they incorporate data-driven practices. Teachers in these schools are finding that intelligent and pervasive use of data can improve their instructional interventions for students, re-energize their enthusiasm for teaching, and increase their feelings of professional fulfillment and job satisfaction" (McLeod, Dr Scott). Data-driven system of teaching is not optional. It is becoming mandatory quite fast. Therefore, it is necessary for teachers seriously contemplating to continue as teachers to get accustomed to this system of teaching. Actually, data-driven style of teaching is quite simple if teachers get accustomed to it. The problem is in the mind that anything other than teaching in the traditional way is cumbersome and difficult to comprehend. Initiates procedures and influences teachers to improve instruction inter-visitation and self-analysis techniques Educational institutions now initiate procedures to improve instructions, inter-visitations and self-analysis

Key aspects of Formation of a Persecuting Society and No god but God Term Paper

Key aspects of Formation of a Persecuting Society and No god but God - Term Paper Example The violence started after the death of Prophet Muhammad on various issues. The violence was not just on individual level, but it was the institutional, governmental and judicial too. It was between the groups of people of different race, religion and lifestyle. Same situation was there in Europe after the fall of Roman Empire. Around 1100 Europe had become a persecuting society. Persecution was the common phenomenon in the history of Islam and Christianity. It is one of the characteristics of barbarian society which has left all the signs of civilization behind. The stories of persecutions are famous in European as well as the history of Islam. The books such as â€Å"No God But God,† written by Reza Aslan or the book â€Å"The Formation of a Persecuting Society,† written by R.I. Moore, are among the finest elaborations of the persecution society in medieval Europe and Middle East countries. Key words: Persecution, Islam, Christianity State system connected to Islam an d Christianity: Muslim community was growing rapidly at the time of the death of Muhammad. But the community had become orphan and leaderless. Due to the extension of an unmanageable condition the community was likely to face anarchy. Thus Muslim community was undergoing a turbulent phase after Muhammad’s sad demise. ... It was a great threat to the political stability of Ummah. Hence the first and major task in such circumstances was to find someone who could replace Muhammad and maintain the stability and integrity of the community. Lots of discussions started arising. It was also suggested that the leadership should be dual, i.e. one is from Mecca and another is from Medina. But it was also unacceptable. After the discussion the person was selected to be the leader of the community and it was Abu Bakr. He was given the title of Caliph. A Caliph was regarded as the â€Å"Trusty† or â€Å"Agent† of God. Out of the religious need, the political system was established in Arabian Peninsula and the community chaos thus ended. The political system thus placed on the foundation of religion. Christianity was prevalent in Middle East before the rise of Islam. But in Muslim Spain some period was there in which intolerance towards Christianity became so strong that it resulted religious persecut ions. Islamic laws there, were not allowing Jews as well as Christians to promote their religious faith in public. But these prohibitions affected Christian as compared to Jews. That might be the reason according to Reza Aslan that Christianity disappeared from the Islamic region. On the other hand the least affected Jews became prosperous and their community increased. Islam and Christianity are the two religions connected with each other historically and traditionally. The two religions have their origin in the Middle East itself. Islam started spreading and expanding hastily in all over Middle East after the death of Prophet Muhammad. Christianity also spread in Europe after the fall of Roman Empire. Some have opined that the fall

BIOGRAPHICAL STUDY Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BIOGRAPHICAL STUDY - Assignment Example In this process, data from a number of academic sources and bible verses is analyzed in order to determine Jesus’ relationship with his disciples. In particular, the relationship between Jesus and Peter is analyzed to determine its effect on Peter’s life. Ideally, the academic sources and scriptures provide deep insight into the social-religious life of the time, and by extension, how Peter adopted to this life. The paper begins by generally looking at the relationship between Jesus and all his disciples. This information is well written by Foster (2007, pp.1) concerning how makes the disciples feel like they are part of Jesus’ family, although there are times when Jesus refers to God as â€Å"my Father† thus emphasizing a more personal relationship between him and God. Despite showing love to all his disciples, Jesus was particularly fond of Peter as several versus in the bible can reveal. For instance, according to Shepherd (2010, pp. 780) in John 13:33, Jesus insists that the disciples must not go with him but says that later on, Peter will go where Jesus was unable to go. Jesus’ love for Peter is also evident in the Bible, where after Peter identifies Jesus as the son of God and Jesus in return blesses Peter (Matthew 16:17). This blessing is interesting because after all the miracles and good deeds Jesus had performed, any of his disciples would have called him the son of God. However, Jesus chooses to bless Peter instead, saying that such revelation could only come from God. In order to strengthen Peter’s faith in God, Jesus put Peter through several tests. For instance, in John 21 Jesus asks Peter whether he loves Jesus more than he loves all other things (Ramelli 2008, pp. 334). Peter replies in the affirmative but later on in the same evening, Peter denies Jesus three times, denying that he is a disciple of Jesus. In another instance, in Matthew 14: 22-33, Jesus comes to the

Education is an Essential for the Success of a Person Essay - 1

Education is an Essential for the Success of a Person - Essay Example Some benefits of education for the professional life of a person include the increased number of job opportunities,   career evolution, good salary package, improvement in decision-making skills, opportunity to excel in professional life, and ability to raise opinions based on knowledge. There are different types of education, such as, school education, drug education and sex education, which play their roles in their relevant fields of life. Use of Illegal drugs has become a common youth issue. Providing drug education to adults is the best way to control the use of illegal drugs at the workplaces. â€Å"Education and outreach are becoming major parts of establishing a more effective program to keep drug abuse out of the workplace† (Oliver). Sex education also holds great importance in the life of a person. It helps society deal properly with many critical issues, such as teen pregnancies and abortions. Educators can make children aware of the consequences of doing different types of illegal sexual activities in order to stop them from doing any illegal sexual activity. School education brings a number of benefits to children. It not only helps them develop good personalities but also makes them progress in their professional lives. Education increases the confidence of children, which is one of the key success factors. Without confidence, a person cannot do anything properly in his/her life. A person gains confidence when he/she becomes aware of different social and political issues, and that awareness comes through education. Education also improves the decision-making skills of a person, which makes him/her take correct decisions regarding any matter of life.  

The Process of Electrochemical Machining Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 12

The Process of Electrochemical Machining - Essay Example Since most of the metals in the pure state without undergoing any treatment might not serve the intended roles mostly emerging with the current technological know-how. Utilizing Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, machining is normally by way of controlled removal of metal through dissolution an electrolytic cell’s anode (Singal, Mridul & Rishi, 2008). Hence, initiating a current if the electrolyte in which the poles are immersed (in aqueous like NaCl) can adequately allow movement of atoms in such a way it ensures conduction process. The core principle that characterizes this process encompasses rapid as well as the selective dissolution of the workpiece intended to be machined, which acts as an anode and the released components attach themselves on the cathode normally linked to a D.C (Setchi, Howlett, Naim, & Seinz, 2014). Therefore, this study seeks to avail sufficient and precise information regarding ECM process coupled with how current technological know-how has embr aced it in varied applications. The process entails immersion of both the workpiece and anode in the electrolytic aqueous, which in this case it might be NaCl or NaNO3 (Setchi, Howlett, Naim, & Seinz, 2014). The creation of potential between the electrodes takes place with the intention of initiating D.C that will facilitate anode dissolution. It is also through the use of D.C that facilitates a flow of electrons from the piece intended to be worked on goes to the cathode, hence initiating the gas release. In the industrial settings as depicted in Figs 2 and 3, it entails immersing or placing the workpiece in an electrolyte and linking to a high current power source through the +ve terminal (Singal, Mridul & Rishi, 2008). Then the cathode tool to the –ve side and shaped in such a way to fit effectively in the anode’s cavity without making any contact. Even flow of the electrolyte with an approximate 5m/s velocity amid the electrodes is by the aid of a recirculation pump. This is to intensify both mass and charge movement especially through the created sublayer adjacent to the anode piece (Abdel-Gawad, 2013).

Contemporary Issues in Business (Individual Report) Essay

Contemporary Issues in Business (Individual Report) - Essay Example Over long periods of geological time, the earth’s climate has been constantly changing in response to the tilt and shape of the earth’s orbit as it moves around the sun, the strength and intensity of the sun coupled with the composition of the earth’s atmosphere, the basic shape and position of the continents. There has been strong evidence that some human activities such as the use of fossil fuels are responsible for the constant emission of harmful greenhouse gases that are now causing an increase in the earths temperate in addition to other changes in climate (Richter 2010). Greenhouse emissions are currently projected to increase significantly within the next few decades which will cause an increase in global temperatures and subsequently put to great risk the human society and natural environment worldwide (Pedersen and Nordic Council of Ministers 2000). Climate Change and the Greenhouse Effect The temperature on the surface of the earth is largely determine d by the balance between the energy that is constantly re-radiated to space from the earth mostly in the form of infra-red radiation and the energy that comes from the sun which is seen to be in the form of visible radiation (sunlight). When the sunlight passes through the earth’s atmosphere, it has relatively very little warming effect but when it finally manages to come into contact with the earth’s surface, it warms it and the earth in turn warms the atmosphere by both convection and via emission of infra-red radiation which are absorbed by the greenhouse gases (R.I.C. Publications 2007). The greenhouse gases eventually return some of the infra-red radiation back to the earth’s surface which ends up further warming the earth’s surface. An analogy of this chain of events is often made with reference to greenhouses which generally allow sunshine to pass through their clear plastic or glass which in turns stop the heat that is inside the green house from escaping into the atmosphere and hence the use of the term â€Å"greenhouse effect† (R.I.C. Publications 2007). Fossil Fuels and the change in Climate System Fossil fuels are formed when the bodies of living organisms die and remain compressed and heated over extremely long periods of time to form natural gases, oil and coal. When burned, fossil fuels are seen to produce significant amounts of energy a factor which causes them to be considered as an extremely valuable energy source. However, the burning of these fossil fuels produces the emission of carbon dioxide, resulting in the introduction into the carbon cycle of carbon that would have otherwise still remained trapped in the earth’s geosphere (Downie, Brash and Vaughan 2009). It is currently estimated that the burning of fossil fuels is responsible for adding to the atmosphere an estimated 3.2 billion metric tons of carbon. Because the earth’s carbon cycle is unable to absorb all of this excess carbon bein g released into the atmospher

Culture diversity Essay Example for Free

Culture diversity Essay Increasingly today, people come into regular contact with individuals from different cultures and its important to learn to talk with people who may not share a common language, background, and/or worldview. Each of us participates in at least one culture, and most of us are products of several cultures Being aware of our own culture and background is really important as it helps us understand how we are shaped by what we have experienced. Even within cultures, we all have different attitudes and beliefs based on our experiences and this will impact on the way we relate to people both professionally and in our personal life. Learning to value diversity, to become conscious of our ways of relating to each other and their ways of relating to us, does not come easily to most of us nor is it something that can be imposed from the outside. In Valuing Relationship (1995), Lewis Brown Griggs sums the interrelationship of knowing ourselves and building relationship with others as follows: Knowing myself is what allows me to know, understand, and value the diversity of others so that I can build trust with them. With more trust comes the ability to communicate more clearly, to problem solve and network more effectively, and to realize the value of synergistic relationships and productive interdependency. Together, investing in my relationship with myself and enhancing my relationship with others are important insurance policies against lost opportunities. (page 210) Griggs, L. B. (1995). Valuing Relationship: The Heart of Valuing Diversity. In L. B. Griggs L. L. Louw (Eds.), Valuing Diversity: New Tools for a New Reality. McGraw Hill, Inc: New York.

There is a gradual sharing of gender roles within the family Essay Example for Free

There is a gradual sharing of gender roles within the family Essay Functionalism theories argue that society shapes its men and women into different spheres, these differences can be seen as functional to the maintenance of social stability and harmony. Functionalist argue that the traditional view of family in Britain was that of the Nuclear family, this was one in which married women were seen as housewives, they performed the domestic tasks and cared for their children. Their husbands were seen as naturally assertive the dominant male, the bread-winner and perform economically supportive tasks. Edmund Lech (1967) termed this view of the family as The Cereal Pack Norm, and criticised â€Å"the lawdry secrets† of the nuclear family. This view of gender roles and the family is a debate shared by many theorists. Young and Willmott (1973) accepted the view of the nuclear family and announced the arrival of the symmetrical family. They suggested that there was a movement towards symmetry, meaning joint conjugal roles, a sense of balance between the duties of gender tasks within the family. Conjugal roles can be jointly carried out, segregated or integrated. Ann Oakley (1974) and other feminists disagreed that conjugal roles were joint but were socially constructed, after the industrial revolution new laws were brought out restricting women and children’s working hours. Women were forced to become housewives and mothers, men were seen as the macho male. Some feminist theories suggest that society is patriarchal, a system of male power and control. Feminists argue women are pushed to the margins of an industrial economy by male dominated institutions, suggesting males are therefore insured power and authority with in gender roles and the family. The Media made many references to the New Man; this was a term applied to those men who have allegedly moved away from the stereotype image of the macho male, they allowed their natures to be more expressive, and would also share domestic and child-care tasks. Is this New Man a reality or a myth? Gender roles within the family our gradually changing but to what extent are male and female roles egalitarian? Young and Willmott (1973) published research findings, which suggested that the symmetrical family was now the typical family form in Britain. 72% of men were helping in the house and spending the equivalent amount of time on home-related tasks. It was found that gender roles did exist with more equality than in the past. Decisions about family life were shared moving towards more integrated conjugal roles. Ann Oakley (1974) criticised this as she found that full time housewives spent 77 hours a week on housework, she dismissed the caring sharing role of the new man. Ann Oakley disputed Young and Willmott’s methods claiming they were biased, as the only question they asked was, do you help at least once a week with any household tasks like washing dishes, making beds, ironing or cleaning. The answer given could overstate the amount of domestic labour that was actually being carried out. A man ironing a shirt once a week was hardly a big contribution to the sharing of gender roles. Oakley’s research showed a clear division in labour as regards to housework, she interviewed forty women with children under the age of five from different social class backgrounds, her research showed a clear division in labour with women spending more time n housework 77 hours and 30 % of men contributed to childcare tasks. Males were helping more with the children, gender identities were starting to evolve. There is evidence that there is a gradual move towards integrated roles and equality Devine (1992) carried out a small study of car workers it showed that men’s contribution to domestic labour increased when their wives re-entered paid employment. It is suggested this only came secondary above all women still remained responsible for childcare and housework. In the same year Gershuny’s research revealed a gradual increase of domestic labour tasks done by men when the wife was is in full time employment ,thus a gradual move to equality. The changing roles perspectives assume a gradual sharing of gender roles within the family. In recent years there has been a wider acceptance of these interchangeable gender roles. Seven out of ten women with children under the age of five are now in employment. The Equal Opportunities Commission show a Surprising 36% of couple’s say that the man is the main carer. Paid employment would seem to empower women within the family. However in more recent years The N. I. Social Attitudes survey (1994) and The N. I. Life and Times Survey (1998) show that even when women were in paid employment, the self reported hours on household and the provision of childcare tasks were greatly divided, with women carrying out 17. 15.hours of housework compared with men’s contribution to only 5. 92 hours. DETI (2003) also show inequalities with 69% of women without children working outside the home, these figures drop to 50% when women have three or more children, suggesting that women still primarily see childcare as their responsibility. O’Brien and Shernit (2002) in their study for Equal Opportunities Commission in Britain suggest that fathers are less likely to avail of family friendly working policies that are in place. The Family Policy Studies centre showed reports of new manism were greatly exaggerated with 90% of women still working part time. This also shows an imbalance, suggesting that women carry the dual burden of work. Research points towards women still suffering gender inequalities within the family. There is evidence that even while working women still have the burden of emotional and domestic work. In (1993) Duncombe and Marsden research revealed gender inequalities in power and domestic responsibilities. They add to their finding that women believe they make the primary ‘emotional investment’ in the family and marriage. Many of their female respondents complained that their husbands were indifferent to their role in holding the relationship together. In other words women are frequently responsible for the ‘triple shift’ meaning outside work, housework and all emotional work. Thus women suffered what they termed as emotional loneliness it was suggested men would rather bring in a wage as supposed to give emotional fulfilment. They were hesitant to discuss or show their feelings of love for their partner. Men did not recognise that emotion work was needed to keep a relationship together. Women’s larger involvement in emotion work can be a major dimension of gender inequalities in couple relationships. Edgell’s study in (1980) showed an imbalance when it came to power more important decisions were more likely to be taken by men. It was suggested that when it came down to important decisions like buying a house, car or other financial decisions the men had the power and authority they were the hierarchy the dominant male. Women may have had decisions on trivial things such as what colour she was going to paint the house or how much she was going to spend on the children’s clothing or the shopping. When it came to major decisions women views were secondary, gendered roles were segregated, men had the dominant role and the decisions of power. Domestic violence is another key element to conjugal roles; many radical feminists say that patriarchy still exists within married and cohabiting couples. The family statistics show that domestic violence accounts for a quarter of a percent of all assaults in the UK. Also one quarter of all women in the world experience this. Debash and Debash argued that wife beating was an extension of the husbands control over his wife. These percentages suggest that men used violence to gain authority over their partners. This may be misrepresented as not all assaults are reported and men also can be victims of domestic violence. In the 1970’s the feminist movement brought equality issues forward. The Sex Discrimination Act (1975) and the Equal Pay Act (1970) were introduced these acts were a product and a cause of more women working. These acts led to some women to reject the traditional housewife role and encouraged them to have fewer children and put a career first. Women’s roles started to have more of an equal status to that of her male partner. Feminists like Ann Oakley criticised Young and Willmott’s view of the symmetrical family and joint conjugal roles she thought they were biased and used incorrect methodology. Although Oakley’s own research found a gradual sharing in childcare tasks, women were still predominately responsible for housework. Feminists argue men seem to have less emotion work, more power and authority thus they benefit more from family life. Duncombe and Marsden and Edgell’s research back this theory up. Functionalists like Young and Wilmott (1973) and the Media suggest that gender roles are becoming more integrated. Devine and Gershuny’s research in (1992) suggest there is some evidence to a small move towards egalitarian relationships, with men contributing more when their wives were employed. Evidence from the Equal Opportunities Commission show a staggering 36% of males are now the main carer, this sharing of child-care presents us with evidence to a degree the new man exists. Gender roles are changing with more women joining the labour force and male attitudes towards are sharing of domestic labour are gradually becoming egalitarian. Sociologists and theorists in the 21st century argue that perceptions of gender roles within family and diversity have changed cross culturally and within societies, they suggest new families and gender roles are starting to emerge.

Key Areas Of The Marketing Environment Marketing Essay

Key Areas Of The Marketing Environment Marketing Essay This assignment emphasizes on relationship approach to explain the concept of marketing. With regard to service, the concept of marketing takes into consideration manufacturers service organizations as well as service operations. Traditionally marketing was considered as a function which includes expertise planning and implementation of marketing mix. However, when it comes to services, this function of marketing is not taken into consideration. Marketing with regard to service is more about relationships, like those involving one-on-one transactions or whose scope is narrowed, for example, marketing of breakfast cereal or soap. Other kind of relationships whose scope is wider consist of significant social interaction which are on-going as well as long lasting, for example, service offered by hospitality industry or financial providers. Next, this assignment investigates the term relationship strategy and its nature. A detailed comparison about marketing and organizational behavior, concerning functions of businesses as well as academic regulations, drawn from the relationship approach are argued in this assignment. Lastly, the assignment emphasizes on the importance of service culture and internal marketing in this challenging global market to meet the marketing aspect and organizational behavioral needs of any business. 1.2: Analyze the relationship between businesses vision, mission and marketing strategy For any organization, mission statement is the most important statement which directs the business to achieve its goal and built its name in the market. Mainly, this statement includes three most important aspects, namely, vision, mission and core values. Vision is a wider thought of what the company wants to accomplish in future. Mission is mainly concerned which what steps the company is going to undertake to accomplish the set vision and core value involves the behavior of the company and its member throughout the course of goal accomplishment. All these three aspects are essential to direct the business through the path of success accomplishment. After the company has created the mission statement, it is then important for it to set the goals, objectives and strategic or action plan/s. Goals usually involves targets which the company needs to complete in order to accomplish the vision. Objectives are SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-framed) statements to accomplish companys goals. Strategic or action plans are the detailed executive plans which illustrate the ways in which goal and objective can be accomplished. 1.3: Evaluate the tools and techniques available for analysing key areas of the marketing environment and use them in realistic business situations To analyze the key areas of marketing environment, the businesses are now emphasizing on strategic philanthropy concept. This concept helps to develop and evaluate the marketing issues, illustrates the focus of the stakeholders, and examines the aspects that need to be considered while executing the business plan. Today companies are realizing the advantages of strategic philanthropy concept not only for the employees and the investors but also for the community as whole. Currently, the companies are also formalizing and combining philanthropic decisions with other strategic decisions related to the performance of the company. 21st century companies are more emphasizing on management of social marketing issues for the interest of essential stakeholders. 1.4: Examine the factors influencing consumer choice and behaviour In the current globalised market, there is an accelerating need for ethical choices as proved by most researches. However, not much has been printed about the decisions made by the ethical consumers and the impact of their decision making on marketing. Due to limited proven research work about ethical consumer choice, this assignment will highlight the outcomes of national survey conducted on large scale in UK on ethical consumers. Equation modeling and reliability analysis methods were use to study this most important and ignored area and also to investigate the essential factors influencing ethical consumer choice and their interconnectivity. Two sets of data was used to create decision making model and its cross validity was examined. This innovative model of ethical consumer choice and decision making showed remarkable improvement on consumers buying choice. Study results of this researched proved that the buying intentions of the consumers were highly influenced. The assignment, however, further discusses implications of these results on marketing practitioners. 1.5: Assess the role of market research in business decision-making Market research results frequently produce negative reactions to discontinuous new products (innovative products) that later become profitable for the innovating company. Famous examples such as the fax machine, the VCR and James Dysons bagels vacuum cleaner are often cited to support this view. Despite this, companies continue to seek the views of consumers on their new product ideas. The debate about the use of market research in the development of new products is long-standing and controversial. This paper reviews the literature in this area and examines the extent to which market research is justified and whether companies should sometimes ignore their customers. The paper offers a conceptual framework that may help companies to decide when market research findings may be helpful and when they may hinder the development of discontinuous new products. Amplification of assessment criteria 1.1 Examine the main contexts of marketing 1.1.1 Assess critically the role of marketing in business, e.g. the impact of marketing on society In todays time, marketing researchers and professionals are extremely interested in the value generated by marketing. Even though there is large number of research work on marketing, it is still unclear how the market value is interrelated with the interest of the marketing generators. Researchers further plan to examine how customer value and customer satisfaction are interconnected. This will help to lessen the uncertainty created around both the concepts. Both customer value and customer satisfaction are two different concepts in terms of theory and practical aspects. This assignment examines this along with highlighting whether customer value helps to predict the behavioral results in better way with compare to customer satisfaction, when it comes to business marketing. To address this issue, there are two different models generated and examined in a cross sectional survey with the purchasing management of a company. A direct influence of value on intention of purchasing manager is suggested by first model whereas the second model arbitrates the value with customer satisfaction. This research study proves that both customer value and customer satisfaction are two different concepts measured and conceptualized in different way, still are harmonizing with each other. 1.1.2 Demonstrate the contribution of marketing to business strategy, e.g. major contexts of marketing applications (consumer goods; business to business; services marketing) There can be no more important aspect of constructing an effective marketing strategy than understanding competitors and your own organizations competitive position. The techniques such as Porters Five Forces Model and a SWOT analysis have already been identified as ways in which an organization can assess aspects. 1.2 Analyze the relationship between businesses vision, mission and marketing strategy 1.2.1 Explain the relationship between businesses vision, mission and marketing strategy, e.g. developing a marketing strategy which supports the businesses corporate strategy A management team needs information about external environments to make sound strategic decisions. Environmental scanning is the process of gathering information about those external environments to inform decision-making. That information may come from a wide variety of sources. It is important to ensure that data gathering, interpretation/analysis and strategy formulation are seen as three separate stages of environmental scanning. Some organizations use the information they collect to construct different scenarios, which also contribute to their planning and prepare them for a flexible response. 1.2.2 Identify the key influences on shaping marketing strategy, e.g. competitor; capability and resources; target customers; external environment. A great deal of attention has been devoted to the concept of market orientation in marketing academe and practice. Numerous perspectives have been proposed as researchers endeavor to conceptualize the market orientation construct and implement it in practice. 1.3 Evaluate the tools and techniques available for analysing key areas of the marketing environment and use them in realistic business situation. 1.3.1 Identify the main tools and techniques available for analysing key areas of the marketing environment, e.g. environmental scanning This article focuses on defining and discussing the concept of critical success factors as input into the analysis, resource analysis, and strategy evaluation steps in the strategic planning/strategy development process. The reader is provided with eight possible sources of critical success factors including analysis, analysis of industry structure, industry/business experts, analysis of competition, and analysis of dominant firm in the industry, company assessment, temporal/intuitive factors and PIMS results. Examples of CSFs from various sources are provided and a scheme by which the reader can assess the relative importance of identified CSFs is presented. 1.3.2 Demonstrate the use of the main tools and techniques available for analysing key areas of the marketing environment, e.g. scenario planning The methodological tools and techniques that analysts use to assess the evolving Innovation, Science and Technology-related (IST) factors impacting their enterprises competitiveness and strategic environment. Studies generally show that a limited set of conceptual tools are regularly utilized by analysts in some enterprises; nevertheless, they are perceived only to demonstrate mixed success levels in meeting planning or decision-oriented needs. A performance gap exists between organizational needs to proactively address IST factors impacting their organizations competitiveness and the insights actually delivered to decision-makers by existing methods and the analysts who employ them. In this paper, the author defines the scope of IST analytical applications, identifies the conceptual tools and techniques used, applies a model for assessing the utility of the tools, describes the reasons why the tools do not deliver what is needed, and makes recommendations for improving the use of IS T-focused analysis tools. 1.4 Examine the factors influencing consumer choice and behaviour 1.4.1 Analyze the process of consumer product acquisition and consumer choice, e.g. models of consumer buying behaviour; impact of memory, perception and learning on consumer choice The ways in which consumers make choices are clearly of interest to those involved in marketing. Consumer behaviour includes elements which are rational and elements which are emotional. However, the process involved in making a choice and buying decision can be analyzed and represented in a step-by-step framework. This section examines that process and the underlying factors which determine consumer behaviour. 1.4.2 Analyze the factors which influence consumer behaviour, e.g. impact of personality, motivation, opinions, attitudes and values on consumer behaviour; role of reference groups on consumption behaviour In the field tourism progress and planning, the decision making process is highly multifaceted because companies and communities have to combat with economic, social and environmental aspects of greater development. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can be considered as an essential tool of methods and technologies of high applicability to provide for the attainment of greater tourism development. To investigate conflict, Spatial (environmental) data can be utilized which examines competition, explores influence on and helps in making decision. The impact assessment and simulation is highly significant for the development of tourism, and GIS can a role in terms of the environmental audit, exploring the suitability of sites for the planned developments 1.5 Assess the role of market research in business decision-making 1.5.1 Differentiate between market research and marketing research, e.g. their roles in determining structural characteristics and understanding marketing strategy decisions Even when there is increasing talks on international standardization versus customization, to empirical intuitions existing fragmented light to deliver. On the basis of an integrated analysis of 36 studies revolving around outcomes of standardization / adaptation, his past, and performance, this flow has been found to be characterized by non-significant, contradictory, and to a certain level, the results disconcerting related to the concepts inappropriate pictures, poor design and poor analytical methods. The main termination arising from this analysis is that if you standardize or adapt to accomplish better business performance will fundamentally based on the totality of the conditions in which a company is faced with a scrupulous foreign policy of a specific time period. 1.5.2 Analyze the contribution of market research to the decision-making processes of a business, e.g. the role of marketing information systems; the importance of competitive intelligence This paper reports case study of an inter-organizational (IOS) of Cisco and Xiao Tong in China. We interviewed their senior managers, heads of departments and employees who have been directly affected in their work. Other sources of are company documents and publicly available background The study examines the benefits of the IOS for both corporations. The also reveals seven critical success factors for the IOS, namely intensive stimulation, shared vision, cross-organizational implementation team, high integration with internal, inter-organizational re-engineering, advanced legacy and infrastructure and shared industry standard. Outcome 02: Know how to build marketing strategy 2.1 Analyze critically how strategic market analysis, marketing goals and marketing actions influence marketing strategy After designing core values, vision, mission, you need goals and objectives that will help to accomplish your vision. Objectives The objectives are broad statements of what you want. Therefore they should be included in your vision. You should look into the mission, as you will be involved to realize your vision. Examples of business objectives: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Improving profitability à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Increasing the competence à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ capture a larger market share à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ give improved customer service à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Advance employee training à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ An objective should accomplish below given criteria: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Good: Is it fitting with the vision and mission? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Acceptable: Adjusts the values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹of the company and its employees? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Clarity: Is it easy to understand and easy to explain? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Flexible: can be adjusted and modified as needed? Ensure the objectives are paying attention on the significant aspects of the business. Do not use too many objectives or else you mind lose your concentration. Even the design of your objectives do not conflict and get in the way with each other. Demonstrate how an over-all view on the strategic position of businesses and the understanding of their competitors impact on their marketing strategy Here are AgVA strategies, goals, objectives and action plan. It should be considered that the strategy is a sequence of techniques to use mission is to accomplish the vision. The objectives are statements of what I required to be done to execute the strategy. The objectives are explicit milestones to achieve the goal. The milestones can be accomplished with the action plans which include specific actions to be taken. Vision: a vivacious rural economy determined by value-added agriculture. Mission: To generate and foster the growth of value-added agricultural enterprises. Strategy: utilize local peasant leaders with the skills for the development of company and for business development. Objective: the interest of local farmers / development work experience. Objective: generate a Subscription twenty farmers February 1st. Action Plan: Establish a membership committee to employ local farmers heads. Recognize the 40 farm heads in major cities in the area. Call qualifying. Contact individually, in the hope that half of crowd will be ready to participate. 2.3 Analyze critically the links between growth strategies and the main types of strategic marketing objectives Goals are specific, measurable, time-sensitive statement of what should be achieved and when it will be achieved. Milestones along the road to achieving your goals. Examples of the companys goals are: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ at least a 20% after-tax rate of return on our investment in equity to earn during the next fiscal year à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ the market share of 10 per cent increase over the next three years. Reduce operating costs by 15 percent over the next two years, improving the efficiency of the production process. The time of the call-back to reduce the investigation of the client and not more than four hours. The goals must meet the following criteria: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Measurable: What will happen and when? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Appropriate: apply it as a measure to reach the goal? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Feasible: It is possible to achieve? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Commitment: People are committed to achieving this goal? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Properties are the people responsible for achieving the objective included in the definition of the target. 2.4: Demonstrate how marketing strategies contribute to sustainable competitive advantages. This study examines the impact of the six dimensions of corporate social responsibility, sustainability marketing strategy the mediation influences of marketing image, customer satisfaction, stakeholder acceptance and marketing performance. CSR consists of human development, environmental considerations, community involvement, product and service innovation trend, the attention of consumers, and the competition is an important strategy that will help companies get image enhanced marketing, customer satisfaction, stakeholder acceptance marketing performance and sustainability marketing. Here ISO 14000 106 companies in Thailand, was selected as the sample of the study. The results showed that some dimensions of corporate social responsibility has a significant impact on the marketing strategy, customer satisfaction, stakeholder acceptance and sustainability marketing. Furthermore, the performance of marketing a potential positive effect on the sustainability of marketing. Moreover, the ethical vision and competitive intensity has a moderating influence on the partial corporate responsibility strategy social relationships, marketing image, customer satisfaction, stakeholder acceptance, marketing performance and sustainability marketing. Potential conversation with the results of the research is actually applied in the study Apply the main steps of marketing planning in practical business situations à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ mission statement (or define the mission of the company) has an impact on all the planning throughout the organization, because it is a statement of the companys overall business philosophy. Normally, a set of guidelines, rather than something that is expressed in quantitative terms hard and fast. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Situation analysis involves assessing the internal and external factors that influence the planning process and asks the question: Where are we?. This means that the research and analysis of all the information that has an impact on the organization and its operations, internal factors such as individual departmental corporate resources, external factors such as the current political events may interfere with the activities of the company. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ organizational goals requires a management company to offer guidance on how the company to fulfill its mission, and it makes it clear that the company wants to be. This, in contrast to the mission, should be expressed in quantitative terms available. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ strategies to achieve these objectives, concrete ideas on the achievement of corporate goals and relate to choose the way in which the mission is accomplished. 2.1 Analyze critically how strategic market analysis, marketing goals and marketing actions influence marketing strategy 2.1.1 Evaluate the key influences on strategic marketing planning, e.g. analysing competitors; identifying strategic marketing goals. The creation of a marketing strategy inevitably takes place in a strategic context which is a mixture of internal and external factors. Because of this, it is essential to have a clear understanding of that context before the marketing strategy is constructed. A systematic approach to acquiring that understanding helps to ensure that it is well informed and covers all the relevant factors. 2.2 Demonstrate how an over-all view on the strategic position of businesses and the understanding of their competitors impact on their marketing strategy 2.2.1 Explain the importance of competitors, e.g. key issues when analyzing a businesss competitors Competitive analysis and strategic evaluation of the strongly corrugated and corrugated SWAK of current and potential competitors. This analysis provides both an offensive and defensive strategic context to identify opportunities and threats. Profiling an average of all relevant sources of competitor analysis in a framework in support of the efficient and effective strategy formulation, implementation, monitoring and adjustment. analysis is an essential part of the corporate strategy. It is argued that most companies are not this type of analysis systematically enough to carry. On the contrary, many companies are working on what is called informal impressions, assumptions and intuition by goodies information about competitors every manager continually receive. As a result, the traditional sites of the area scanned many companies to the risk of dangerous competitive blind areas due to a lack of robust competitor analysis. Demonstrating the value of information about competitors, such examples of business use to answer questions which provides information on five main competitors Management for Impact means that that is what is needed to respond to changing conditions and greater understanding by the adaptation of the project so it will be more likely to achieve its expected impact such changes may result in minor changes to the assets or major strategic reviews .. Each project is managed to be impacted by its own set of limitations. hold the internal and external constraints will help you to have realistic expectations of what can be achieved and set. 2.3 Analyze critically the links between growth strategies and the main types of strategic marketing objectives 2.3.1 Explain the main types of strategic marketing objective, e.g. niche, hold, harvesting and divest objectives The purpose of strategic marketing analysis is to help managers understand the nature of the industry, the way firms behave competitively within the industry, and how competition is generally undertaken. From this information it becomes easier to determinate exactly what the marketing goals should be. There are several types of strategic objective but four main ones are considered here. These are niche, hold, harvest, and divest goals and are considerable briefly. However the section that follows considers a further objective, namely growth. 2.3.2 Demonstrate the links between growth as an objective and other key strategic marketing objectives, e.g. examine types of growth (intensive, integrative, diversified) in relation to other to strategic marketing objectives When an organization adopts a diversification strategy they are essentially moving outside current, known areas of expertise. Through diversification they begin to work with new products, in new markets, and this brings new risks. Diversification for single-product organizations is an important development for two main reasons. First, risk becomes spread across two or more markets, and secondly, organizational resources such as management, marketing, finance, production, and operations can be used more effectively and efficiently when deployed across more than one product or market. Horizontal diversification occurs when products that are technologically unrelated to The established product range are introduced to the same market. Concentric diversification occurs when products that are technologically related to the Current portfolio is introduced to new markets. Conglomerate diversification occurs when products that is technologically unrelated To the current portfolio are introduced to new markets. 2.4 Demonstrate how marketing strategies contribute to sustainable competitive advantage 2.4.1 Identify the conditions necessary for sustained competitive advantage, e.g. Porters ideas for sustainability He described a category scheme consisting of three general types of strategies that are commonly used by companies to achieve competitive advantage and maintain. These three generic strategies are defined along two dimensions: strategic scope and strategic strength. Strategic scope is a demand-side dimension (Michael E. Porter was originally an engineer, then an economist before he specialized in strategy) and look at the size and composition of the market you intend to target. Strategic strength is a supply-side dimension and look at the strength or core competency of the company. In particular, he has two powers which he felt was most important: product differentiation and product cost (effectiveness) identified. 2.4.2 Assess how different strategies contribute to competitive advantage, e.g. key positions that a business can adopt (cost leadership, differentiation and focus strategies) and their impact in achieving competitive advantage Differentiate their products in a way to compete successfully. Examples of successful use of a differentiation strategy are Hero Honda, Asian Paints, HLL, Nike Sneakers, By-Pastor, Apple Computer, and Mercedes-Benz. Differentiation that is tuned when the target segment is not sensitive to price, the market is competitive or saturated, customers have very specific requirements that may be under-served, and the company has resources and unique features that allow you to these needs in a response mode that are difficult to copy. These include patents or other rights of intellectual property (IP), the only technical expertise (eg Apples ability to design or animation prowess PEER), talented employees (for example, a champion sports team or a company of merchants Star brokerage), or innovative processes. Successful brand management is only observed even when the physical product is the same competitors. In this way, Chiquita was able to banana brand Starbucks coffee could be seen, and cou ld sneakers Nike brand. Fashion designers are heavily dependent on this form of image difference. 2.5 Apply the main steps of marketing planning in practical business situations 2.5.1 Demonstrate the process of marketing planning in a business context, e.g. devise outline marketing plans to meet the needs of different sizes and types of business The assignment gives few guidelines, examples, methods, tools, and the procedure to write a business plan that generates effluent outcomes. There is also online guidance available which are not chargeable and which demonstrates ways in which marketing strategy can be generated or a company to write a basic business plan or a plan related to sales by making use of freely available templates, examples and tools of how specific the statement separately and theories and techniques for marketing strategy and marketing planning, consisting of tools and guidelines for advertising, press, public relations (PR), and media relations, generation of sales through inquiries , advertising copywriting, internet and web marketing, offers, and so on. There is an in-depth information available about sales planning and selling based on current market situations. Outcome 03: Understand the concept and role of market segmentation and positioning Differentiate between market segmentation and product differentiation A small business can differentiate its product using marketing techniques, by physically changing the product or by changing the price. Using marketing, you can create a brand or image in the mind of consumers by pointing out the difference between your product and those of your competitors. For example, your advertising can show that while your product may cost the same as your competitors, it lasts longer, making it less expensive to use. If you sell tennis shoes, you can reinforce the toes, making it a longer-lasting shoe that appeals to frequent players who wear out their shoes. Lowering or raising the price of a product differentiates you from your competition. Because consumers have different needs, even when shopping for the same product, its important to know who is buying your product. This will help you plan your marketing, product development and pricing. You can sell a higher-priced version of your product with extra features in specialty stores to attract young, affluent singles, and sell another version with fewer features at a lower cost to young families or seniors. You can sell one version of your product to consumers, and another to businesses. 3.2 Compare and contrast different targeting approaches Business plans come in all shapes and sizes. Pragmatism is essential. Ensure your plan shows what your business needs it to show. Essentially your plan is a spreadsheet of numbers with supporting narrative, explaining how the numbers are to be achieved. A plan should show all the activities and resources in terms of revenues and costs, which together hopefully produce a profit at the end of the trading year. The level of detail and complexity depends on the size and part of the business that the plan concerns. Your business plan, which deals with all aspects of the resource and management of the business (or your part of the business), will include many decisions and factors fed in from the marketing process. It will state sales and profitability targets by activity. In a marketing plan there may also be references to image and reputation, and to public relations. All of these issues require thought and planning if they are to result in improvement, and particularly increasing number s of customers and revenue growth. You would normally describe and provide financial justification for the means of achieving these things, together with customer satisfaction improvement. Above all a plan needs to be based on actions cost-effective and profitable cause and effect; inputs required to achieved required outputs, analyses, identifie

Jean-Jacques Rousseau Essay -- Jean Jacques Rousseau Biographies Essay

Jean-Jacques Rousseau   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I was born to a family whose morals distinguished them from the people.† (Josephson 9) Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born in Geneva, Switzerland on June 28, 1712. He became the son of Isaac Rousseau, a plebian class watchmaker, and Suzanne Bernard, the daughter of a minister who died shortly after giving birth to him. Rousseau’s baptism ceremony was a traditional one held at St. Peter’s Cathedral on July 4, 1712 by the reverend senebies. He had an elder brother who had a â€Å"loose character†, but Rousseau loved him anyway. At an early age, Rousseau found a love for reading. His mother had an inheritance of some money and many romantic books and novels, so those are the first that he read. He and his father would read for so many hours sometimes they would read continuously through the night and on into the next day. His father had a recklessly violent temper, and after a minor infraction with a police officer, fled from Geneva to Canten Vaud in Myon, which is 12 miles from Geneva, and there he continued his profession. Rousseau was ten years old. He was then sent to live with his maternal uncle Bernard, a military engineer in the service of the city-state, and aunt Madame Goncerut, who instilled in him a great passion for music. Deprived of parental love and affection, Rousseau’s childhood was miserable. He was sent, along with his younger cousin, to be tutored by a Protestant preacher at Bossey, about four miles away at the base of Mont Salà ¨ve. Rousseau loved living in a pleasant land of valleys and hills, and so found the love of nature. It was also at Bossey where Rousseau established a gruesome affection for the pastor’s daughter, who was thirty years old. Two years passed before uncle Bernard withdrew the two boys because they were wrongly accused and beaten for some petty fact. They were then taken back to his aunt and uncle’s home at the Grande Rue in Geneva. The boys were not placed back in regular school, but were taught mathematics and drawing by uncle Bernard. They spoke of making him a pastor, but they did not have enough money to send him, so Rousseau was placed as a notary to his uncle who was a lawyer who thought Rousseau was unqualified and sent him back. He was next placed as an engraver in April 1725. His master was also a violent man like his father who fed Rousseau poorly and often treated him harshly. T... ...Catholic and with 20 francs in hand. Jean Jacques Rousseau†¦George R. Havens Rousseau had only one brother, â€Å"on whom the spirit of the father came down in ample measure, just as the sensibility of the mother decended upon jean-jacques.† He was a rebellious boy and finally ran away to Germany, never to be seen again, so Rousseau was basically an only child. Rousseau†¦..John Morely The details of his childhoos are important because they helped him form the educational theories that are still up to date in our modern world, and also because they give some clues about why he acted the way he did in his later years. Rousseau’s parents were very loyal and devoted to one another ever since the young age of eight. For almost thirteen years, Jean-Jacques father was inconsolable. According to his Confessions, his father said he say his wife in Jean-Jacques. But what Jean-Jacques did not understand is why his father did not realize that it was he who took her from him. Jean-Jacques Rousseau†¦.C.H. Dobinson â€Å"I was born to a family whose morals distinguished them from the people.† Parents married on june 2, 1704. First son, Francois born in 1705. Jean-Jacques Rousseau- Josephson

Reception Theory and Les Liaisons Dangereuses (Dangerous Liaisons) :: Liaisons Dangereuses Dangerous Liaisons

Reception Theory and Les Liaisons Dangereuses (Dangerous Liaisons) Of all the literary critical theories yet discussed, I find reception theory by far the most intelligent and rewarding. After all, where does literature become literature, where does it "happen" so to speak, if not in the mind of the reader? Without the reader, literature is inky blobs on paper. This correlates to Berkeley's solipsistic analogy of a tree falling in the woods. Without a listener does it make a sound? Well, technically, it emanates vibrations, but only an ear will interpret those vibrations as sound. Thus with literature. The mind of the reader, operating on the text with it's various literary and extra-textual codes, makes it literature. In the case of Les Liaisons Dangereuses, reception theory is not only helpful, it is positively essential to any sort of literary discussion of the novel. Considerations of authorial intent are clearly to no avail, in that, due to the epistolary format, no such intent can be gleaned from the text. Try as we might to construct some sort of original meaning in the mind of the author, we find at last that the meanings we come up with have been supplied by ourselves. Laclos is like the hand of the puppeteer: we never see it, although we know that it is controlling the whole show. All we see are the ornate, 18th century marionettes as they dance through each dastardly deception, each "dangerous liaison." Even more maddening than trying to find authorial intent in the pages of Les Liaisons Dangereuses is the (one would think) comparatively simple task of ascertaining the moods and motivations of the characters themselves. Since we know that the majority of the characters are moderate to full-blown liars, writing one thing to one person and quite another to another, who do we believe? When seeming to bear one's soul is just one more weapon in the arsenal, how are we supposed to determine when actual soul-bearing is taking place? Here, again, reception theory comes to our rescue. By looking at our own literary and non-literary conventions, we begin to feel more confident about the proposition that Valmont really is in love with the Presidente and that the Marquise really is in love with Valmont. After all, that's what makes it good, isn't it? Without having love rear it's ugly head at some point, the book would be a monotone, an unrewarding and depressing look at people at once glamourous and depraved.

The Transformation of Edna Pontellier in The Awakening Essay -- Kate C

â€Å"She wanted something to happen- something, anything: she did not know what† (Chopin). In Kate Chopin’s novel, The Awakening, the reader is introduced to Edna Pontellier, a passionate, rebellious woman. Throughout the novel, it becomes apparent how unsettled Edna feels about her life. The reader can identify this by her thoughts, desires, and actions, which are highly inappropriate for an affluent woman of the time. In the novel, Edna has an awakening and finds the courage to make the changes she sees necessary. Kate Chopin is able to make quality connections in order to symbolize her innermost desires. Chopin does this by providing references to the sea, and the birds, and then using them to foreshadow Edna’s end of life decision. The sea is typically used in order to express strength, life/ death, and calmness. In The Awakening, Kate Chopin uses the sea as a way to communicate Edna’s strength and empowerment. Two references that examine this idea are made available: one for the transformation of her body and one for the transformation of her mind. Edna’s learn-to-swim experience transforms her body during her awakening. Overcoming her fears and learning to swim is a significant experience because it shows how she is able to gain control over her body: â€Å"The voice of the sea speaks to the soul† (Chopin). This is a powerful statement due to the fact that it represents how Edna undergoes a dramatic change in character. She goes from listening and acting upon the influences of society, to following her own mind and innermost desires. These both play a large part in understanding Edna’s personal transformation from a quiet and fearful girl to an empowered and independent woman. Across many forms of art, birds ... ...el progresses, an awakening can be observed. This awakening greatly transforms Edna’s body and mind. Kate Chopin makes this evident by her use of references to the sea, the birds, and the foreshadowing of Edna’s end of life decision. These quality connections show the suffering, empowerment, and innermost desires of Edna throughout the novel, The Awakening. Works Cited Chopin, Kate. The Awakening. New York: Herbert S. Stone and Co., 1899. Print. Garrett Brown, Kimberly. â€Å"Dropping Hints and the Power of Foreshadowing in Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Awakening.† Blogs Goddard. The Pitkin Review. Spring 2010. Web. 20 March 2015. Mascarenhas, Cheryl. â€Å"Bird Symbolism and Their Meaning.† Buzzle. South University. 13 Feb. 2012. Web. 20 March 2015. Shmoop Editorial Team. "Birds in The Awakening." Shmoop. Shmoop University, Inc., 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 20 March 2015.

All Quiet on the Western Front: Corruption of Power theme Essay

Power. The word itself instigates a conundrum of fear and attraction. The attraction for it, the attraction for more, and the attraction for seeking the absolute highest boundary of it. Those who thirst for it see visions of wealth, vast expansions territory, and above all, the ability to do whatever one wants whenever he wants. And those who thirst for it will seek it through whatever means necessary, whether it be a fistfight or a war. Necessity is the basic derivation for all hostility and aggression; therefore, power, and its corruption, is the source of all war. Such corruption is exemplified in the World War I novel, All Quiet On the Western Front, by Erich Remarque, through the eyes of the platoon leader, of the military officials, and of the highest level of power in Germany at the time, the Kaiser. The bottommost level of power represented in All Quiet On the Western Front is the platoon leader, who is given a pack of soldiers to bully around under his abusive authority. The authority figure in the novel is Corporal Himmelstoss, who is to train the newly enlisted soldiers in the ways of war. He is described as a semblance of Louis Napoleon in the novel; â€Å"a small undersized fellow with a foxy, waxed moustache† (Remarque 23). Immediately the description of Himmelstoss triggers an image of a short, power-hungry figure, the figure that suffers from what many refer to as â€Å"small-man’s syndrome.† His image is further emphasized in the statement: â€Å"He had a special dislike of Kropp, Tjaden, Westhus, and me, because he sensed a quiet defiance† (Remarque 23). Himmelstoss’s dislike for these soldiers is not directly related to the fact that he supposedly â€Å"sensed defiance†, but more so to his will to push the soldiers around. He focuses his efforts on Tjaden, the â€Å"skinny locksmith†¦[who] is and always will be as thin as a rake† (Remarque 2-3). To make up for his lack of size and strength, Himmelstoss attacks the thinnest, soldier of the pack, who he assumes to be the weakest. However, when Himmelstoss loses his position of authority, he is not so brave. In the Front, during invasion, Paul Baà ¼mer finds Himmelstoss in the dug-out â€Å"pretending to be wounded. His face looks sullen. He is in a panic†¦He does not stir, his lips quiver, his moustache twitches† (Remarque 131). Himmelstoss is not a powerful man on his own, but under the spell of a powerful position, he is corrupted, and abuses it to  disguise his own weaknesses, allowing him to gain some form of power. The next level in the military edifice of power lies in the competitive military officials. With the increased level of power comes an increased level of corruption–and an increased level of consequence. Himmelstoss may have instigated hostility, even hatred, from his platoon, but the corruption of a higher military official may result in deaths. In a desperate effort to continue the attack on France, mass drafts occur, and the officials immediately send the untrained recruits to the front line. Paul Baà ¼mer states that the recruits â€Å"are helpless in this grim fighting area, they fall like flies. Modern trench-warfare demands knowledge and experience† (Remarque 129). The officials, in order to look good by fighting the war long and persistently, rush these recruits into battle, where they fall like flies. The officials carry out this inhumanity again and again, but it is not only for the sake of â€Å"looking good,† but for the desire of getting promoted, f or the desire of gaining more power. The head of power in Germany, and therefore the one able to command all those below, is the Kaiser, Wilhelm II. His position is so incredibly grand and authoritative, that he is seen almost as a form of deity. When Paul Baà ¼mer sees the Kaiser in person, he is â€Å"really rather disappointed; judging from his pictures I imagined him to be bigger and more powerfully built, and above all to have a thundering voice† (Remarque 202). This false impression of his emphasizes the disguise of power. Under his disguise, the Kaiser is viewed as giant, mighty warrior enthroned with gold and silver. In reality, he is a man unlike any other man in power, greedy and vicious. A man so powerful, Tjaden believes â€Å"he has everything he can want already† (Remarque 205). If he has everything he can want, why does he persist in the war? There is no limit to his demand for power, and so he pushes his officials further into battle, as they push their soldiers further into bloodshed. The war Wilhelm II creates is not only devastating physically, but instigates what is known as the â€Å"lost generation.† Paul Baà ¼mer describes his experience, being â€Å"lost† because of the war. He â€Å"will never be able to be [indifferent and hopeless] again. [He] was a soldier, and now [he] is nothing but an agony for [himself]† (Remarque 185). His flourishing life was  thrown away in the war and gave way to an indifferent automata, and after his leave, he is emotionally in between war and life, in â€Å"No Man’s Land.† An entire generation of soldiers, of human beings, of lives, is destroyed through emotion and severe disturbance. And for what? For Kaiser Wilhelm II to seek that highest boundary of power. Power is a recurrent theme in All Quiet On the Western Front, in three different levels: the mindless soldier, the aspiring military official, and the boundless Kaiser. Each one desperately seeks power in an effort to make themselves appear stronger. The quest for this is usually a corrupted one, and corruption creates consequence. The more power one acquires, the more devastating the consequence. When, if at all, will the quest for power end? The corruption is inevitable.

Essay Structure

The reality that an alarming exit of commensurate school leavers allow non get spaces at universities in the coupled terra firma has go forth many in shock. This could accommodate serious implications for scholars who gull coarse held dreams of getting university teaching. These students ar left with the filling of wanting come let aside on university information entirely or finding utility(a) content of acquiring this much want after upbringing. I exit seek the reasons that have resulted in this crisis in the join farmings higher education learning system.I depart similarly ecstasy a record abroad pick to students who still wish to acquire a university education. Finally, I pass on explore the advantages of this case option in comparison to universities in the United Kingdom. One factor that has contributed to this crisis is essentially a demand and supply crisis. I intend to establish how the cuffs on presidency funding have affected the inle t of students who have completed their A-levels. I ordain explore in detail how the resolve by the Coalition of a 2 speed of light million pound cut from the higher education budget has lessen the good turn of available spaces a the universities.In contrast, reports evoke that there has been a sharp growth in the number of students who do applications to universities. This cast up in applications is taking place at a time when universities atomic number 18 training to cut places available to British and European colligation students. I will also discuss how the threat that faces universities for recruiting above the specify number of students of hefty fines guarantees that they will non admit extra students. These universities face fines of up to three jet seven hundred pounds for each student above targets.The plans by government to introduce modernistic potash alum assesses which will inevitably result in a rise in fees will give more students enough indigence t o reassess their study options. Interestingly, universities have not reduced their intake of alien students (Tony, 2010). umpteen universities have more places available to foreign students than British students and in other cases places atomic number 18 only available to foreigners. This is because foreign students are charged higher fees and are a source of profitable funding for the universities. I will also point out the alternative option of abroad study available to students.Students in the United Kingdom have over the years displayed a reluctance to study elsewhere, I will analyse this option in detail. I will highlight how the United Kingdoms strong economy has made it a historic importer of students and labour sooner than an exporter. This has resulted in attracting high quality academicians and gauzy standards. This has undoubtedly led to the reluctance by students to leave the United Kingdom delinquent to the presence of institutions with established reputations lik e Cambridge and Oxford for academic excellence.To further support the option of studying abroad I will find the wellbeings it offers. One advantage is the potential savings of several thousand pounds for students studying at reputable universities elsewhere in the European Union (Morgan, 2010). This would appeal to British students who stick out to down with twenty five thousand pounds of debt (Morgan, 2010). I will also discuss the QS World University Rankings which indicate that many universities in the United Kingdom continue to fulfill better than others crosswise the continent.However, many institutions across Europe outperform UK universities in ad hoc theater of operations areas. The University of Amsterdam which is ranked position thirty two worldwide for mixer sciences has been placed above all UK universities except Cambridge, University College of London and Oxford. They offer these courses at significantly reduced costs compared to universities in the UK. The enkindle opportunity for a deeper cultural cargo area presented by abroad study will also be analysed.The acquisition of new language skills, increased cultural ken and how this will serve to set the student apart in the competitive occupancy market will be discussed. I will also point out the advantage one gains by acquiring an impressive portfolio of contacts. Finally I would hold the QS World University Rankings, 2009 in the appendices. Written recite The numbers of students who will miss university places is alarming. collect to the stiff competition for these places even qualified students will miss out on the much coveted university positions. The vice-chancellor of Worcester University, Prof David thou commented thatI think there will be many tens of thousands of young citizenry, in particular young people with safe A-levels, who will just miss out on the university offer made to them, essence they wont get a place. My earlier prediction that there will be around 2 20,000 unhappy people will be or so right. Of those, just about 100,000 will be pretty hearty qualified and motivated students who would have been sure in previous years. (Graeme, 2010, p. 7) This implies that an increased number of students will have to seek university education elsewhere or risk missing out on it altogether (Hannah, 2010).This has left many students confused and unsure about their fate. Aaron Porter the president of the National Union of Students said that these youth were facing a in truth uncertain future. He recommended that these students would have to review other options that may be available to them. The Universities rector, Mr. Willets said that he felt sorry for the students who had missed university places at the universities of their superior and advised them to lower their sights. This is a real disappointing situation for the thousands of students who studied very hard to pass their examinations.The government proposals for graduate taxes wi ll also increase the already high fees paid by students in the United Kingdom (Clark, 2010). These have been subject to humans outcry and political debate. A contender for Labour Party leadership, Mr. Miliband commented that They are attacking the poorest people in our fellowship through VAT, attacking people on benefits, attacking people in the public sector and making a serial publication of cuts well beyond what Labour would have done and in a steering which is cavalier in terms of what it means for society. (Tony, 2010, p.15) Universities are also cutting back up on the admission of local students in favour of international ones. These students are also not subject to the stringent requirements of grades or restriction in places offered at the universities. In a report, the Quality Assurance style for Higher Education termed that this increase in foreign students was unsustainable, due to various complications that arose. shot Hunt, the University and College Union secret ary urged the Business deposit to exercise caution in the display of graduate taxesWe urge Vince Cable to go out again at the idea of taxing big business for the substantial benefit it gains from a plentiful supply of graduates, quite than merely looking to penalise students further. (David, 2010, p. 24). REFERENCES Clark L. , freewoman S. (2010) Im sorry Minister tells students to lower their sights as frantic scuffle for university places begins. The Mail. Pp10-11 David T. (2008). University push to lure foreign students brand unsustainable. monetary Times p 24 Graeme P. , Andrew H. (2010) More students to be rejected from university. The telecommunicate pp 7-8 Hannah R.(2010) University place scramble gets underway. www. bbc. co. uk Morgan J. (2010) Graduate tax could prompt brain drain. Retrieved from www. timeshighereducation. co. uk Tony K. (2010). Labour call for deep renewal, says challenger. Northern Echo, pp15. BIBLIOGRAPHY Green M. (2004) disceptation slows lu crative foreign student consider to 12% higher education London third edition. Financial Times, Laurence Norman. 2010. U. K. to Maintain Competitive Tax Regime. debate Street Journal Martin Wolf. 2010. Why Britain does not need a graduate tax. Financial Times, Miranda G. (2004). An insight into university education taxes. Financial Times, p. 4.

How to write an introduction for a dissertation?

The introduction might be since they developed, or once you have finished to reflect the stream of your arguments, you might want to rewrite it.The thing is that students typically tend to write dissertation good introductions that are lengthier than they are supposed to be. The whole point is lost and it becomes harder good for a reader to grasp the main idea. Writing a very detailed introduction is another common problem. In such a way, the surprise effect is spoiled and readers no longer need to familiarize themselves with the rest of the research study.A brief introduction will locate off the essay and wont create a fantastic impression.If you have an interesting example to illustrate your point, do not hesitate to do so, as it will immediately big draw the reader’s attention. Then, proceed to describe the topic of your dissertation. Define the subject you want to research. Try to choose something unusual or under-researched.

Keeping the debut can enable you to make sure check your research remains on track.Keep in mind that there is a difference between the objective and the problem clear statement of your dissertation. Use research questions to dwell upon the problem statement. The objective, in its turn, is the explanation of the reasons why you have decided to study this more particular issue. Thus, you will need to describe what you want to achieve with this further research study as well as what outcome you expect.Begin with the massive topic of the problem when youre considering how to compose a dissertation debut.Speaking about research design, you definitely need to mention it in your introduction to dissertation. Provide a brief summary of it. The last part of your brief introduction should be the dissertation outline. What you are supposed to do is to briefly describe how your unpublished dissertation is constructed.

It has to be intriguing so as to arouse interest, and stick out.In such a way, it is easier to present a coherent piece of writingâ€"with the help of which you will be able to explain to your target reader what the goal of your research study is.Speaking about the length of the dissertation introduction, how there are no specific requirements. This means is your introduction for dissertation should logical not look like an abstract. However, it does not also mean you are supposed to submit a huge document.Studies dont have hypotheses.It is totally normal if you cannot write a proper dissertation introduction on your part first try. It takes time, which is the reason why it is important not to stress worn out much about it. Take a break. The best advice is to get down to the easy task of writing an introduction for your dissertation when you are finished with unpublished dissertation writing.

In an abstract you must outline what your study is about in character.Make sure the interested reader understands the aims of your research, as well as what you are trying to achieve in the angeles long run. The more you dwell upon all these aspects in your introduction, the easier it good will be for readers to grasp your main idea. Therefore, they will be more able to understand what you are working on, what impact it is going to have, as full well as what results can be achieved if you are successful in reaching all these goals you have set.As the author of the dissertation, your main task is to make certain that the reader is interested in your research.This way youre confident that the research is made of premium quality and can be utilized on your dissertation, thesis or essay.Begin with outlining the main argument right away. In such a way, it will be easier for readers to understand what issue you are dealing with. Then, dwell upon the methodology you have used. Explain what tools you have chosen and special mention why you have decided to use those particular ones.

If at all possible, good look for a buddy or fellow-student with whom it is likely to swap in the same position several dissertations for proof-reading.Therefore, it is a great way to impress your target audience and motivate how them to keep reading to find out more about the subject you have well chosen to research. When you work on the task of writing the introduction, keep in own mind that you may not write everything at once. If you come up with new ideas, feel free to develop them and add to your introduction later on. Make sure deeds that the finished version remains coherent.The simplest way to construct a dissertation is inside-out.You may start to feel you will need to revise it and that your dissertation will forget not ever be good enough.

Functional Area Plan: Production and Operations Essay

f be rise 1 payoff and subroutines four-in-hand storyThe last design for the c exclusivelyer-up is to further harvest-festival and elaboration by change state the beginning(a) submitr in spirit constitutes and client function. In devote to expire this finale and check hundred% harvest over the following(a) five-spot years, the takings and trading operations part ( issues) essential(prenominal) contour its manufacturing and structure memorial runes. At present, the ongoing readiness operates at upper limit capacity. Adding consequence and triple severances impart enable the comp either(prenominal) to t andy consumer ask and to provide the amend crossing for the secure price.Duties and Responsibilities trading operations prudence in general entails the maintenance and run into of activities in spite of appearance an validation in producing its goods and functions, (Foster & Ogden, 2008). As formative is both diverse and econo mical, Productions suggest its go on utilisation in the manufacturing of the sp atomic number 18 b both-bearing slip mechanism. a nonher(prenominal) come to is the lessening of downtime. Productions onlyow lock fractious to operate the genius deep down so at that place is requisite carry for termination of all projects.oer the last(prenominal) hardly a(prenominal) years, with child(p) strides commit been do to optimise the aptitude of the units bandage continuing honorable operation of all equipment. This arrests having only exceedingly consummate technicians to oversee product maturement in sectors of charge plate barb molding, thermoforming and composition conversion. much(prenominal) expertness is compulsory because these three functions ar unremarkably selected for flexibility in the process of manufacturing plastic products, (R&d engineering science plastic, 2009). Further, as Productions is answerable for the manufacturing of its h int coffee berry cup, it should persist up on(predicate) of any industrial changes to the afflictive materials or equipment utilise in devising the product. teaching and refreshing EquipmentIn appendix to the obtain of rough materials take to even off the cup, on that point is equal neat to expend in pertly-sprung(prenominal) state-of-the-art equipment. The crude computer software package and technologies forget enable great strength and inscription control. instruct of the sweet technologies and/or software tools and equipment go out be mandatory. As permissible, thither provide be on the affair grooming for limiting workers to perpetrate the heavier tasks to obviate delays in action payable to absenteeism. Productions pass on remember that strength managers search webinars and cerebrate workshops sponsored by the Productions and operations counsel rescript (POMS), to await qui vive of peeled trends and innovations in this detail study of interest. coaction With opposite surgical incisions alike the handed-down overseeing of periodical operations, up(p) manufacturing activities by means of node service falls in spite of appearance this cranial orbit as soundly (operations management, 2009). The selling Department ( trade) has presented its strategies to go past new customers and figure production figures. through its bone marrow determine of regular advance and accountability, Productions pull up stakes correspond merchandising by pressure on tone, simply not at the depreciate of safety. This give wait changes to its revue process so that mis buy the farming ware is not released. found on entropy from markets research, there is inviolable cogitate to confide wage testament continue. However, an self-directed subject area from story and finance ( report) indicates a new readiness is not efficient at this time. This notion has been shelved in privilege of adding fle ck and trey shifts. store musculus quadriceps femoris testament be acquired to abide and pedigree the rude(a) materials. This exit lead to some(prenominal) job openings in transferral and receiving. other(a) positions include lineament sureness inspectors to show the ruined products as well as equipment maintenance. Productions subject work nearly with homophile Resources (HR) to go over whether it lead be well-timed to operate a part tie to address natural customer-related issues. reckon of ethics completely employees are evaluate to pursue legitimately and professionally as they realize their duties at all times. Employees are not devoted potential to exact coadjutor employees or customers in any wrong or wrong acts or behaviors. all violations or distrustful exertion must be report promptly. A distress to come may result in break or termination, (U.S. commit code, 2011). set out 2 Production and operations animal trainer decision mak er thickset through high up quality customer service and modern products, the Productions and trading operations operational area is perpetrate to master copy product development. By hiring undergo technicians and providing on the job fostering of measure up workers, it impart accommodate the communitys goals for excellence. A morsel and trine shift go forth wipe out the charter for inessential overtime. Webinar development and learn sessions will as well as withstand all workers au courant of on-going trends and changes in the industry.